ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ “ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ, ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ, ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯣꯊ” ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯁꯤꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯇꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯁꯤꯌꯜ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ, ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯄꯤꯇꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯔꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯃꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯋꯥꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯉꯥꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯃꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯦ꯫
ꯑꯗꯣꯃꯒꯤ “ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ, ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁ, ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯣꯊ” ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯁꯤꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯉꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯆꯠꯇꯨꯅꯥ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯗꯣꯃꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯀꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯔꯗꯒꯤ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯥꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯦ , ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯐꯦꯛꯇꯔꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯌꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯊꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯍꯜꯂꯦ꯫ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯏꯇꯦꯝ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯀꯨꯞꯄꯥ ꯃꯔꯣꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ, ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ nformation ꯂꯧꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯕꯇꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ.














꯵.ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: ꯱.
ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ: ꯱.
ꯑꯃ. ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ: ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 5 g (ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ) 100 mlꯒꯤ ꯕꯤꯀꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯨꯄꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫ ꯐꯦꯅꯣꯂꯐ꯭ꯊꯥꯂꯦꯟ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯀꯦꯇꯔ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯞ 2 ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯂꯍꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯕꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ 2 N NaOH ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯑꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯚꯥꯛꯌꯨꯑꯦꯠ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯀꯨꯜ ꯇꯧ, ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯇꯦꯗ HCl 5 ml ꯌꯥꯎꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ 50 ml ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 0.1 N NaBrO ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ 50 ml ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ 250 mlꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯌꯣꯗꯤꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯔ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ, ꯃꯗꯨ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯧ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 30 ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ 16.5% KI ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ 15 ml, 6 N HCl 20 ml, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔꯠ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯀꯦꯇꯔ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ 2 ml ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯥꯡꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ (ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇ) 0.1 N Na2S2O3 ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯇꯔ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫
ꯕꯤ. ꯍꯤꯁꯥꯕ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯃꯤꯂꯤ – ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯃꯤꯂꯤ) × 0.1 (ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ) × 0.02301 = HCOOH ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ꯫
ꯒ. ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ ꯅꯣꯠ: NaOH ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯊꯇꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯏꯚꯥꯛꯌꯨꯑꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯤꯍꯥꯏꯗ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯕꯗꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯡꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ꯫
꯲.ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯥꯂꯗꯤꯍꯥꯏꯗ: ꯱.
ꯑꯃ. ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ: ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯁꯤꯌꯁ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ (ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ) ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 10 g 250 mlꯒꯤ ꯑꯥꯌꯣꯗꯤꯟ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯎ꯫ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ 50 ml ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯨ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ 4% NaHSO3ꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ 10 ml ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯄꯦꯠ ꯇꯧ꯫ ꯆꯦꯠꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ, ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯅꯠ 30 ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔꯠ ꯏꯟꯗꯤꯀꯦꯇꯔ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ 2 ml ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 0.1 N ꯑꯥꯌꯣꯗꯤꯟ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯤꯜ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯊꯣꯛꯂꯛꯠꯔꯤꯕꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯏꯠꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧ (ꯑꯦꯟꯗꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇ)꯫ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯎ꯫
ꯕꯤ. ꯍꯤꯁꯥꯕ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ: (ꯕ꯭ꯂꯦꯉ꯭ꯛ ꯃꯤꯂꯤ – ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯃꯤꯂꯤ) × 0.1 (ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯂꯤꯇꯤ) × 0.02203 = ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯩꯆ.3ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯑꯣ
꯶.ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ: ꯱.
0.1 N ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯏꯠ (NaBrO) ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ: ꯏꯁꯤꯡ 500 mlꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯤꯟ 2.8 ml ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ 2 N NaOH 100 ml ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ 0.1 N NaBrO ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ 1000 ml ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫
꯶.ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯗ ꯒ꯭ꯂꯦꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯤꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ:
0.1 N ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯍꯥꯏꯄꯣꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯏꯠ (NaBrO) ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ: ꯏꯁꯤꯡ 500 mlꯗꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯣꯃꯤꯟ 2.8 ml ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ 2 N NaOH 100 ml ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯜꯂꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯗꯨ ꯇꯔꯨ-ꯇꯅꯥꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯃꯖꯤꯜꯂꯨ꯫ 0.1 N NaBrO ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ 1000 ml ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯧ꯫