nature.com ꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯕꯤꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯊꯥꯒꯠꯆꯔꯤ꯫ ꯅꯍꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯖꯔ ꯚꯔꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯗ CSS ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯂꯩ꯫ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯤꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯖꯔ ꯚꯔꯁꯟ (ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯞꯂꯣꯌꯥꯔꯗꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯇꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯃꯣꯗ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ, ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ, ꯁꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯜ ꯅꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯖꯥꯚꯥꯁ꯭ꯛꯔꯤꯞꯇ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯣꯏ꯫
ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯌꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯃꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯃꯨꯕꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯦꯂꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯀꯀꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯕꯨ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ, ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯟ ꯁꯤꯇꯨ Ca2+ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯖ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯁꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ-ꯇꯨ-ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯦꯀꯁꯤꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯛꯔꯣ- ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯃꯣꯔꯐꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯀꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯆꯠ-ꯁꯥꯖꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯃꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯇꯣꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯤꯔꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯗꯣꯖ ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯃꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯂꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ-ꯏꯀꯨꯏꯕꯦꯜ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯜ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫
ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔꯒꯤ ꯀꯃꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ1꯫ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ2ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯟꯗꯔꯠꯔꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯀꯆꯥꯡ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯊꯣꯛ-ꯆꯠꯁꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯥꯎꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯤꯎꯃꯔ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯁꯣꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯍꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯨꯚꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯣꯁꯟ ꯁꯤꯃꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯤꯅꯥꯏꯠ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯇꯧꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ3,4,5. ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯖꯤꯑꯣꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤ ꯂꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯚꯦꯂꯤꯗꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ, ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯂꯥꯏꯊꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯖꯨꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯃꯄꯥꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯖꯤꯑꯣꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ-ꯃꯤꯃꯤꯀꯤꯡ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯆꯤꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯦ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯅꯀꯟꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯁꯣꯏ-ꯑꯉꯥꯝ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯶,꯷꯫ ꯑꯀꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ, ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯄꯨꯅꯁꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯛꯁ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯄꯨ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯆꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯞꯌꯨꯇꯤꯛ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯚꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯇꯤꯕ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯁꯦꯟꯇ-ꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯁꯤꯐꯤꯛ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯦ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯂꯦꯛꯁ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯊꯨꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯇꯥꯏꯞ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯍꯜꯂꯦ꯫ ꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯜ. ꯸ꯅꯥ ꯳ꯗꯤ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯋꯦꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯞꯔꯗꯛꯇꯤꯕ, ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯕꯜ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯁꯦꯂꯥꯔ ꯑꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯜ. ꯹ꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯦꯁꯦꯁꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯚꯦꯔꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯟꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯍꯣꯡ ꯑꯦꯇꯜ꯱꯰ꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯟꯇꯤꯐꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯏꯚꯥꯂꯨꯑꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯂꯦꯖꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯳ꯗꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯀꯣꯟ ꯀꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯆꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ. ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯍꯥꯌꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯣꯇꯥꯏꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ11꯫
ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯐꯦꯟꯇꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯂꯤꯀꯣꯟ ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯌꯨꯔꯦꯊꯦꯟ ꯐꯣꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯄꯦꯔꯦꯟꯁꯤꯃꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯗꯦ꯫꯱꯲,꯱꯳ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯀꯝꯄꯦꯇꯤꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯅꯦꯕꯜ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ​​ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫꯱꯴ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯐꯦꯟꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯂꯠꯔꯥ-ꯁꯣꯐ꯭ꯠ, ꯐꯣꯃꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ꯫ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯜꯂꯤꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯆꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯤꯔꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯃꯣꯖꯦꯅꯤꯛ ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ (\(\:\rho\:\))ꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱.꯰꯶ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ/ꯁꯦ.ꯃꯤ.꯳ꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯄꯥꯎꯗꯝꯂꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯰.꯲꯶ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ/ꯁꯦ.ꯃꯤ.꯳꯱꯵ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯤꯔꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯦꯊꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯌꯪꯁ ꯃꯣꯗꯨꯂꯁ (ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯋꯥꯏ.) ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯂꯥꯏ-ꯐꯨꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ꯫ ꯱꯶ꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯒꯣꯁ ꯑꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯜ. ꯱꯷ꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯒ꯭ꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯤꯖꯣꯅꯦꯟꯁ ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯲.꯱꯷ ꯀꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯝ. ꯂꯤꯌꯨ ꯑꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯜ. ꯱꯸ꯅꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯅꯥ ꯰.꯰꯳–꯵꯷.꯲ ꯀꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ. ꯏꯂꯦꯒꯕꯨꯁꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ꯫ ꯱꯹ꯅꯥ ꯈꯅꯒꯠꯂꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯴ꯗꯤ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.
ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯕꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯔꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ, ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ (\(\:{\rho\:}_{e}\)), ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ (\(\:{Z}_{eff}\)), ꯃꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯥꯏꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ (\(\:I\)), ꯃꯥꯁ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ (\(\:\mu\:/\rho\:\)) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯥꯎꯟꯁꯐꯤꯜꯗ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ (HU), ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ \(\:\mu\:/\rho\:\)ꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫
ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯟ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ \(\:{\rho\:}_{e}\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ:
ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ \(\:\rho\:\) ꯑꯁꯤ g/cm3ꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯅꯤ, \(\:{N}_{A}\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯚꯣꯒꯥꯗ꯭ꯔꯣ ꯀꯟꯁꯇꯦꯟꯇꯅꯤ, \(\:{w}_{i}\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯁ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔꯅꯤ, \(\:{Z}_{i}\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯅꯝꯕꯔꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ \(\:{A}_{i}\) ꯑꯁꯤ i-ꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥꯅꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯦꯛꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯒꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯩ꯫ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯌꯥ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡ) ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯏꯐꯦꯛꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯇꯣꯃꯤꯛ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ \(\:{Z}_{eff}\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯀꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯨꯔꯇꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯂꯅꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯄꯣꯖ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯲꯰: ꯱.
ꯆꯥꯡꯆꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯥꯏꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ \(\:I\) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯄꯦꯅꯦꯠꯔꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯏꯅꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯈꯛꯇꯃꯛ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯤꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯒꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯗꯦ꯫ \(\:I\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯒꯀꯤ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯇꯤꯕꯤꯇꯤ ꯔꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:
ꯃꯥꯁ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ \(\:\mu\:/\rho\:\) ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯇꯣꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯄꯦꯅꯦꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯔꯤꯂꯤꯖ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:
ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ \(\:x\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯤ, \(\:{I}_{0}\) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯉꯥꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ \(\:I\) ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯁꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯆꯪꯁꯤꯜꯂꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯇꯣꯟ ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯅꯤ꯫ \(\:\mu\:/\rho\:\) ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ NIST 12621 ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯔꯤꯐꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯕꯦꯖꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯝꯄꯥꯎꯟꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ \(\:\mu\:/\rho\:\) ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯇꯤꯕꯤꯇꯤ ꯔꯨꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ:
HU ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯌꯨꯇꯔ ꯇꯣꯃꯣꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯐꯤ (ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.) ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯞꯔꯤꯇꯦꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯃꯥꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯂꯩꯇꯕꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ \(\:\mu\:\)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯜꯂꯤ:
ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ \(\:{\mu\:}_{ꯋꯥꯇꯔ}\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ \(\:{\mu\:}_{ꯑꯦꯌꯔ}\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯥ (꯶)ꯗꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ HU ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯰ꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ HU ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ -꯱꯰꯰꯰ꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ HU ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ -꯶꯰꯰ꯗꯒꯤ -꯷꯰꯰꯲꯲ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ꯫
ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯤꯊ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯟ. ꯲꯳ꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯌꯨꯔꯦꯇꯦꯟ (ꯄꯤ.ꯌꯨ.)ꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯔꯁꯣꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯏꯀꯨꯏꯕꯦꯜ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯃꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯁꯤꯌꯝ ꯀꯥꯔꯕꯣꯅꯥꯏꯠ (ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯣ.꯳)ꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯤꯊ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯇꯦꯂꯔ꯲꯴ꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯤꯚꯥꯔꯃꯣꯔ ꯅꯦꯁ꯭ꯅꯦꯜ ꯂꯦꯕꯣꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ (ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯦꯜ.)ꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯁꯨꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯏꯀꯨꯏꯕꯦꯜ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯦꯜ.꯱ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯕ ꯑꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯜ.꯲꯵ꯅꯥ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯦꯅꯍꯥꯟꯁꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯵.꯲꯵% CaCO3 ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯐꯣꯃꯦꯛꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯑꯦꯁ.-꯲꯷꯲ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯁꯕ꯭ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯆ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯃꯤꯡꯗꯤ ꯑꯦ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯇꯤ.꯲ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯱ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯲ꯅꯥ \(\:\rho\:\), \(\:{\rho\:}_{e}\), \(\:{Z}_{eff}\), \(\:I\) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ (ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯌꯨ.-꯴꯴) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯊꯛꯇꯥ ꯄꯅꯈ꯭ꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯏꯀꯨꯏꯕꯦꯜ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯁ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫
ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯂꯕꯁꯨ, ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯟꯇꯦꯝ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯔꯥꯏꯟ ꯐꯣꯃꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯗꯤ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯅꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗꯦ꯫ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯌꯨꯔꯦꯊꯦꯟ ꯐꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯌꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯂꯁ (YM) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 500 kPa ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ (ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 5-10 kPa)ꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯩ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯆꯨꯃꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ​​ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯠꯔꯥꯁꯦꯂꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ (ꯏ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯝ.)ꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯈꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯀꯝꯄꯦꯇꯤꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯥꯛ ꯁꯟꯅꯥ ​​ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯩ꯫ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ (C6H7NaO6)nꯒꯤ ꯏꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯔꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ Ca2+ ꯂꯩꯕꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯗꯤ, ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯁꯨ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯃꯨꯂꯦꯇꯦꯗ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯁꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ꯫ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯣꯀꯍꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯥꯖꯕꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫
ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯔꯣ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ, ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯨꯅꯦꯕꯜ ꯏꯂꯥꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯟꯇꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯖꯦꯅꯔꯦꯜ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯤꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯃꯊꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯍꯦꯛꯇꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯖꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯇꯥꯔꯒꯦꯠ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯇꯨ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ HU ꯔꯦꯟꯖ (-꯶꯰꯰ꯗꯒꯤ -꯷꯰꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ)ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯈꯤ꯫ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯅꯔꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ \(\:\mu\:/\rho\:\)ꯒꯤ ꯏꯆꯝ ꯆꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯔꯨꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯁꯤꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯈꯤ꯫
ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯒꯃꯥ-ꯑꯦꯂꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯆ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯅꯤ, ꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯂꯨꯏꯁ, ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯣ.ꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ (ꯄꯥꯔꯠ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ ꯋꯥꯏ꯲꯰꯱꯵꯰꯲), ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯣ.꯳ (ꯄꯥꯔꯠ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ ꯷꯹꯵꯴꯴꯵, ꯃꯦꯒꯥꯋꯥꯠ: ꯱꯰꯰.꯰꯹), ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.(ꯄꯥꯔꯠ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ ꯖꯤ꯴꯷꯵꯰, ꯃꯦꯒꯥꯋꯥꯠ: ꯱꯷꯸.꯱꯴) ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯷꯰% ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯂꯧꯔꯤꯜ ꯏꯊꯥꯔ ꯁꯂꯐꯦꯠ (ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯷꯰) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯅꯣꯅꯦꯗ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯁꯤ. ꯐꯣꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯣꯃꯣꯖꯦꯅꯤꯛ ꯌꯦꯜꯂꯣ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯂꯨꯁꯦꯟꯇ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯪꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ ꯇꯞꯅꯥ (600 rpm) ꯔꯨꯝ ꯇꯦꯝꯄꯦꯔꯦꯆꯔꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯑꯥꯏꯑꯣꯅꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯖꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ CaCO3 ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ Ca2+ ꯁꯣꯔꯁ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯔꯣꯝ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.꯷꯰ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯐꯦꯛꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯵%ꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ Ca2+:-COOH ꯃꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯰.꯱꯸ꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ CaCO3:GDL ꯃꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯰.꯵ꯗꯥ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯜ ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯩꯆ. ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯶.ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.꯷꯰ꯒꯤ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯲% ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯗ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯕꯤꯀꯥꯔ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯕꯤꯀꯥꯔꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯱꯴꯰ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ, ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯃꯁꯤꯡ (50 ml, 100 ml, 110 ml) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯕꯤꯀꯥꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯵꯰ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯕꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯖꯥꯏꯟ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯥ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗꯥ, ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ, CaCO3 ꯁꯁ꯭ꯄꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯄꯨꯡꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯟꯁꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅꯥ ꯇꯀꯁꯤꯅꯈꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯆꯨ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯑꯉꯧꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯗꯥ, ꯖꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯍꯧꯗꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯄꯆꯤꯅꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯔꯤꯡ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ 50 ml ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ 100 ml ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 110 ml ꯌꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ, ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯕꯤꯀꯥꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯨꯒꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯔꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯊꯤꯡꯖꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯵꯰ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯱꯰꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯗꯨꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯃꯛ, ꯐꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔꯦꯜ ꯏꯅꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ, ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯃꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯂꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯚꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯛꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯞꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯅꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯇꯪꯗꯨ ꯂꯩꯇꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯏꯗ-ꯉꯥꯃꯗꯕꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ \(\:\rho\:\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯁ \(\:m\) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ \(\:V\) ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫
ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤꯛ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯦꯏꯁ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯣꯕꯖꯔꯕꯔ ꯑꯦ ꯱ ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯔꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯖꯦ ꯁꯣꯐꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯄꯣꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯔꯀꯨꯂꯥꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯏ꯫
ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ, TESTRESOURCES 100 ꯁꯤꯔꯤꯖ ꯃꯦꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯑꯦꯛꯁꯦꯜ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯟꯖꯦꯜ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯄꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯕ꯭ꯂꯣꯀꯀꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯈꯤ꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯍꯦꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯃꯤ/ꯃꯤꯅꯤꯠ ꯱꯰ꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯍꯨꯝ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯗꯦꯕꯤꯌꯦꯁꯟ ꯂꯦꯄꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯃꯈꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯀꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯉ꯭ꯀꯛ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯐꯣꯔꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ, ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯅꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯕꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯒꯅꯤ꯫
ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯃꯦꯟꯁ ꯁꯣꯃꯥꯇꯣꯝ ꯗ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯕ ꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯑꯦꯜ-ꯆꯦꯅꯦꯜ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ. ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯤꯡ ꯄꯦꯔꯥꯃꯤꯇꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ: ꯴꯰ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯦ.ꯑꯦꯁ., ꯱꯲꯰ ꯀꯦ.ꯚꯤ.ꯄꯤ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱ ꯃꯤ.ꯃꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯁ ꯊꯤꯀꯅꯦꯁ꯫ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯀꯣꯝ ꯐꯥꯏꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ-ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯵ꯒꯤ ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯌꯨ.ꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯗꯤꯀꯣꯝ ꯗꯤꯀꯣꯝ ꯚꯤꯎꯌꯔ ꯁꯣꯐꯋꯦꯌꯔ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯌꯨ.ꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯈꯤ꯫
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯔꯒꯥꯟ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯥꯔꯇꯤꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯕꯥꯏꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯔꯀꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯅꯤꯡ, ꯁꯔꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯅꯤꯡ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯥꯅꯤꯡ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯱ꯑꯦꯗꯥ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯄ꯭ꯂꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯐꯪꯍꯜꯂꯣꯏ꯫ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯌꯨꯔꯦꯇꯦꯟ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯕ꯭ꯕꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯤꯐꯣꯔꯃꯦꯕꯜ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯗꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯄꯣꯂꯤꯌꯨꯔꯦꯊꯦꯟ ꯐꯣꯝ (ꯌꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯗꯨꯂꯁ, ꯋꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯝ.)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯅꯣꯔꯃꯦꯜ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯱꯰ꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯰꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯈꯉꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯗ꯭ꯔꯤ꯫
(ꯑꯦ) ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯤꯞꯔꯖꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ, ꯌꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯗꯨꯂꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ (ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯌꯨ.ꯗꯥ)꯫ (B) ꯵%ꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ Ca2+:-COOH ꯃꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯰.꯱꯸ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ \(\:\mu\:/\rho\:\) ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯛꯁ-ꯔꯦ ꯗꯤꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯄꯦꯇꯔꯟ꯫ (C) ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯟꯖ꯫ (D) ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯃꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯔꯤꯞꯔꯖꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ꯫
꯵%ꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯁꯦꯟꯠꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ Ca2+:-COOH ꯃꯣꯂꯥꯔ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯰.꯱꯸ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯔꯤ ꯀꯝꯄꯣꯖꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯳ꯗꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯔꯃꯨꯂꯥ (꯵)ꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯤꯁꯟ ꯔꯨꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ \(\:\:\mu\:/\rho\:\)ꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯁ ꯑꯦꯇꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯱ꯕꯤꯗꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯏ꯫
ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ \(\:\mu\:/\rho\:\) ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯦꯟ.ꯑꯥꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯇꯤ.꯱꯲꯶꯱꯲ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯔꯤꯐꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯕꯦꯖꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅꯥ, ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯱ꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ -꯶꯰꯰ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ -꯷꯰꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ HU ꯏꯛꯌꯨꯏꯕꯦꯜ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱ × ꯱꯰−꯳ꯗꯒꯤ ꯲ × ꯱꯰꯱ ꯃꯦꯚꯤ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯒꯤ ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯗꯥ ꯶꯰–꯷꯰%ꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯎꯅꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯝ ꯃꯦꯟꯌꯨꯐꯦꯀꯆꯔꯤꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯁꯦꯁꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫
ꯐꯤꯒꯔ 1Dꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯃꯤ ꯱꯲.꯷ꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯖ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯌꯨꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯀꯥꯄꯈꯤ꯫ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯃꯣꯖꯦꯅꯤꯛ, ꯊ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯒꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯃꯇꯧꯗꯥ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯠꯇꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯥꯕꯨ ꯁꯦꯃꯖꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯅꯦꯇꯋꯥꯔꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯄꯣꯔꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯄꯥꯉ꯭ꯒꯜ ꯀꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯐꯣꯃꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯌꯥꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯟꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤꯁꯨ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ꯫
ꯐꯣꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯥꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ ꯁꯥꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ \(\:\rho\:\)ꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯴ꯗꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ \(\:\rho\:\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠꯀꯤ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣꯗꯥ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯄꯣꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯒꯤ 50 mlꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯠ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ, ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 0.482 g/cm3 ꯑꯣꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ 0.685 g/cm3 ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯵꯰, ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯱꯰꯰ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯱꯱꯰ꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯄꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯰.꯰꯰꯴ < ꯰.꯰꯵ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫
ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ \(\:\rho\:\) ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤꯁꯨ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯥꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ \(\:\rho\:\) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯰.꯱ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯝ/ꯁꯦ.ꯃꯤ.꯳ ꯍꯦꯜꯂꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯈꯦꯠꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ \(\:\rho\:\) ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯲ (ꯑꯦ, ꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤ)ꯗꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯒꯦꯞ ꯈꯔꯗꯤ ꯎꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥ ꯇꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯅꯐꯔꯝ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫
ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯄꯤ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯦ) ꯵꯰, (ꯕꯤ) ꯱꯰꯰, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ (ꯁꯤ) ꯱꯱꯰.ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ (ꯗꯤ) ꯵꯰, (ꯏ) ꯱꯰꯰, (ꯑꯦꯐ) ꯱꯱꯰꯫
ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯳ (ꯑꯦ, ꯕꯤ, ꯁꯤ)ꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯁ꯭ꯀꯣꯞ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯞꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯀꯆꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯔꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯃꯌꯦꯛ ꯁꯦꯡꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯅꯝꯕꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯥꯏꯑꯦꯃꯤꯇꯔꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯖꯦ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯦꯄꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯶ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ, ꯏꯃꯦꯖ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯱꯲꯵.꯲꯷ μm × ꯸꯴꯳.꯹꯶ μm ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯵.꯷ mm2 ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫
(ꯑꯦ) ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ-ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯕꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯌꯔ꯫ (B) ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯟꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ꯫ (C) ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ E0꯫ (D) ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ꯫
ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯳ (ꯗꯤ, ꯏ, ꯑꯦꯐ)ꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯗꯤꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯕ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯇꯔꯥꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯏꯛꯔꯣꯃꯤꯇꯔ ꯵꯰꯰ ꯐꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯐꯣꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅꯥ, ꯵꯰ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯆꯠꯇꯥ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯹꯲.꯱꯶ μmꯅꯤ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯸꯴.꯵꯱ μmꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯰꯳ꯅꯤ; ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯱꯰꯰ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯆꯠꯇꯥ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯵꯶.꯶꯲ μmꯅꯤ, ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯵꯱.꯰꯷ μmꯅꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯠ ꯑꯦꯔꯤꯌꯥ ꯑꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯰꯹ꯅꯤ; ꯱꯱꯰ ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯊꯪꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯱꯶꯳.꯰꯷ μm, ꯱꯵꯰.꯲꯹ μm ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯱꯵ꯅꯤ꯫ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯆꯧꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯔꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯆꯠꯇꯥ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯑꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯒꯤ ꯍꯣꯡꯂꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯐꯅꯥ ꯎꯠꯄꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ 50 mlꯗꯒꯤ 110 ml ꯐꯥꯎꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ, ꯄꯣꯔꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯠꯔꯤꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯅꯝꯕꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯅꯥ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯗꯥ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯑꯄꯤꯀꯄꯥ ꯁꯥꯏꯖꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯔꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯅꯥ ꯂꯣꯏꯁꯤꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯀꯤ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯴ꯑꯦ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯴ꯗꯤꯗꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯐꯤꯒꯔ 4Aꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝ-ꯁꯥꯔꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ-ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯕꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯅꯟ-ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ-ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯕꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯌꯔ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯡꯅꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ-ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯕꯤꯍꯦꯕꯤꯌꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯟꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯀꯔꯕ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯐꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯴ꯕꯤꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯗꯥ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯃꯣꯗꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯣꯟꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯐꯉ꯭ꯀꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫
ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯗꯤ ꯃꯈꯣꯌꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯃꯣꯗꯨꯂꯁ (ꯏ.꯰)ꯁꯨ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁꯀꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅꯥ, ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯌꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯂꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯲꯰%ꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯗꯥ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯴ꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯴ꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯵꯰ꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯱꯱꯰ꯗꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯌꯪꯒꯤ ꯃꯣꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯂꯁ ꯏ꯰ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯱꯰.꯸꯶ ꯀꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯸ ꯀꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫
ꯃꯇꯧ ꯑꯁꯨꯝꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ-ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯀꯔꯕꯁꯤꯡ, ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡꯁꯨ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯐꯤꯒꯔ 4Dꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯚ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡꯆꯠꯇꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯌꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯹.꯸꯴ ꯀꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗꯒꯤ ꯱꯷.꯵꯸ ꯀꯦ.ꯄꯤ.ꯑꯦ. ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ 38%ꯗꯥ ꯂꯦꯡꯗꯅꯥ ꯂꯩ꯫
ꯐꯤꯒꯔ ꯲ (ꯑꯦ, ꯕꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤ)ꯅꯥ ꯃꯊꯪꯁꯤꯠꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯵꯰, ꯱꯰꯰ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯱꯰ꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ. ꯏꯃꯦꯖꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯃꯣꯖꯦꯅꯤꯛ ꯑꯣꯏ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯱꯰꯰ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯱꯱꯰ꯗꯥ ꯒꯦꯞ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯎꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ, ꯒꯦꯄꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯑꯣꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯊꯣꯀꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯅꯥ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯌꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯣꯁ ꯁꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯵ꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯌꯨ.ꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯦꯄꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯵ꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫
ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯵ꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ HU ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯂꯤ꯫ 50 ml, 100 ml ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ 110 ml ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯄꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯛꯇꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯛꯁꯤꯃꯝ ꯄꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ 0.004 < 0.05 ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯥꯀꯏ꯫ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯍꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯤꯂꯤꯂꯤꯇꯔ ꯵꯰ꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯛꯁꯆꯔ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯜ ꯑꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯒꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯅꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯈꯤ꯫ ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯵ꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯂꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ \(\:\rho\:\)ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯇꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯅꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯌꯨ.
ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯃꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯒꯠꯄꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯟꯗꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯥ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕꯃꯈꯩ ꯅꯛꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯂꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯗꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯁꯣꯜꯌꯨꯁꯟ, ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦ.ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯣ.꯳, ꯖꯤ.ꯗꯤ.ꯑꯦꯜ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦꯜ.ꯏ.ꯑꯦꯁ.꯷꯰ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯅꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ, ꯃꯣꯔꯐꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯁꯅꯥ ꯍꯣꯃꯣꯖꯦꯅꯤꯛ ꯊ꯭ꯔꯤ-ꯗꯥꯏꯃꯦꯟꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯜ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯝ ꯑꯃꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯐꯣꯃꯒꯤ ꯗꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯥ ꯃꯑꯣꯡꯗꯥ ꯍꯣꯡꯗꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯀꯟꯇꯦꯟꯇ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯁꯥꯏꯖ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯈꯔꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯔ ꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯑꯦꯂꯖꯤꯅꯦꯠ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯀꯈꯤ꯫ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯪꯂꯀꯄꯥ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯤꯕ ꯃꯣꯗꯨꯂꯁ (ꯏ.꯰) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯟꯖꯗꯥ ꯂꯩ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯥ ꯎꯠꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯄꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯏ꯰ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯏ꯫ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ (ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯌꯨ.)ꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯄꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯤ.ꯇꯤ.ꯗꯥ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯒꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯆꯥꯡꯗꯝꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯥꯄꯂꯒꯤ ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ HU ꯚꯦꯜꯌꯨꯒꯥꯁꯨ ꯅꯛꯅꯩ꯫ ꯔꯤꯖꯜꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯇꯥꯛꯂꯤ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯐꯕꯥ ꯀꯝꯕꯤꯅꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ-ꯏꯃꯤꯇꯦꯇꯤꯡ ꯍꯥꯏꯗ꯭ꯔꯣꯖꯦꯜ ꯐꯣꯃꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯊꯥꯖꯅꯤꯡꯉꯥꯏ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯐꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯣꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛꯇꯥ ꯊꯤꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯀꯦꯂꯀꯨꯂꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁꯇꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯤꯗꯤꯛꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯥ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯌꯔ ꯚꯣꯜꯌꯨꯝ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯑꯣ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯣꯔꯣꯁꯤꯇꯤ ꯍꯦꯟꯅꯥ ꯀꯟꯠꯔꯣꯜ ꯇꯧꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯐꯦꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯝꯕꯩꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯛꯁ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯂꯩ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯐꯦꯟꯇꯦꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯣꯇꯦꯟꯁꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯁꯥꯏꯀꯂꯒꯤ ꯀꯝꯞꯔꯦꯁꯟ ꯐꯦꯖꯗꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ꯫ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯔꯤꯁꯔꯆꯁꯤꯡꯅꯥ ꯇꯦꯟꯁꯥꯏꯜ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗꯥ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯕꯇꯥ ꯅꯠꯇꯅꯥ ꯗꯥꯏꯅꯥꯃꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯗꯤꯡ ꯀꯟꯗꯤꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯣꯏꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯤꯖꯤꯅꯕꯗꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯦꯁꯅꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯩꯔꯕꯁꯨ, ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯪꯁ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯈꯛꯇꯗꯥ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯄꯔꯇꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯄꯨꯅꯁꯤꯟꯅꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯥꯌ ꯄꯥꯀꯄꯥ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯅꯤ꯫
ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯁꯦꯃꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ/ꯅꯠꯠꯔꯒꯥ ꯑꯦꯅꯥꯂꯥꯏꯖ ꯇꯧꯈꯤꯕꯥ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯁꯦꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯆꯥꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯖꯔꯀꯄꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯤ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯣꯊꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯐꯪꯒꯅꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯄꯔꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯁꯦꯠ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯍꯟꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯌꯥꯏ꯫
ꯁꯣꯡ, ꯖꯤ., ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ꯫ ꯀꯦꯟꯁꯔ ꯔꯦꯗꯤꯑꯦꯁꯟ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯅꯧꯕꯥ ꯅꯦꯅꯣꯇꯦꯛꯅꯣꯂꯣꯖꯤꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯍꯣꯡꯕꯥ ꯃꯆꯥꯀꯁꯤꯡ꯫ ꯑꯦꯗꯚ. ꯃꯦꯇꯔ. ꯲꯹, ꯱꯷꯰꯰꯹꯹꯶.https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201700996 (꯲꯰꯱꯷)ꯗꯥ ꯐꯣꯉꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫
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ꯒꯨꯏꯃꯥꯔꯦꯁ, ꯁꯤ.ꯑꯦꯐ. ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯩ꯫ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤꯕꯥ ꯇꯤꯁꯨꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯐꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯇꯤꯁ꯭ꯌꯨ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯝꯄꯦꯛꯇꯁꯤꯡ꯫ ꯅꯦꯆꯔ ꯔꯤꯚꯤꯌꯨ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯑꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯅꯚꯥꯏꯔꯅꯃꯦꯟꯇ 5, 351–370 (2020)꯫